The magnitude of the health workforce crisis

The magnitude of the health workforce crisis

Health workers are crucially important as a res

ource for producing good health for the population.

They constitute 1 in 20 employed workers in the global economy and perform key social roles in all

– 2 –

societies. The inequities faced by developing

countries are reflected in Figures 1 and 2

below, which

highlight the disproportionate ratio of doctors and nurses in Europe and North America as compared

with Africa and Asia. There is a 250-fold variation among countries in ratio of doctors per 100 000

population and 400-fold variation in the ratio of nurses per 100 000 population (3).

Figure 1. 250-fold variation in supply of doctors among countries, ratio of doctors per 100 000

population

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Liberia

Burkina Faso

Somalia

Lesotho

Sierra Leone

Angola

Madagascar

Mauritania

Guinea-Bissau

Congo

Nepal

Bangladesh

Cambodia

Maldives

Malays ia

Romania

Croatia

Aus tralia

Denmark

Aus tria

Sweden

Ic eland

Hungary

Norway

Belarus

Europe, N. America

(160 to 560 per 100,000)

Asia

(4 to 120 per 100,000)

Africa

(2 to 60 per 100,000)

Based on data from WHO, http://www3.who.int/whosis/health_personnel/health_personnel.cfm accessed 10-Nov-04

Italy

Figure 2. 400-fold variation in supply of nurses among countries, ratio of nurses per 100 000

population

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Liberia

Chad

Burkina Faso

Niger

Cameroon

Mauritania

Tanzania

Angola

Botswana

Bangladesh

Indonesia

Cambodia

Laos

Italy

U.K.

Aus tria

Denmark

Sweden

Czech Republic

Germany

Belarus

Finland

Europe, N. America

(300-2200

per 100,000)

Asia

(5-420 per 100,000)

Africa

(6 to 200 per 100,000

- except 450 S. Africa)

Figure 8. International migration of nurses to the United Kingdom from selected African countries, 1998–2003.. 11

Figure 9. Attrition of health workforce staff, Kenya, 1996–2001................................................................

.............. 12

Figure 10. Causes of attrition among health workers in six selected districts, Malawi, 1996–2002 (n=527) ......... 12

Figure 11. Improvements in staff satisfaction, Uganda, 2004 ....................................................................

............. 18

Figure 12. Improvements in staff performance, Uganda, 2004 .....................................................................

.......... 18

Use of

Reviewed

Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents

available at

http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines

HIV and Its Treatment – Seeing an HIV Health Care Provider

For more information:

Contact an AIDS

info

health information specialist at 1-800­

448-0440 or visit

http://aidsinfo.nih.gov

. See your health

care provider for medical advice.

This information is based on the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’

Guidelines for the Use of

Reviewed

Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents

available at

http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines

HIV and Its Treatment – When to Start Anti-HIV Medications

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